Historically, Aikido was developed by Morihei Ueshiba (植芝 盛平 Ueshiba Morihei, 1883 – 1969), known as O-Sensei. The art consists of handling in different directions of force, grabbing and striking techniques and returning to the attacker "throwing" and "joint locking" techniques and is known for its fluidity and blending with an attacker, rather than meeting "force with force". Emphasis is upon joining with the rhythm and intent of the opponent in order to find the optimal position and timing with which to apply force. Aikidō is also known for emphasizing the spiritual and philosophical development in achieving the budo goal of peace. Another essential aspect of Aikido is "Ki", life force energy (in Chinese known as "Chi", in Indian sanskrit known as "Prana"). Aikido is said to develop better "Ki" flow in our lives and our actions in life, such that is thought by the founder to allow us to live in true harmony with nature and the universe.

Predominantly, the movement in Aikido is based on the founder's sword and staff weapons training and one can describe Aikido movement, to some extent, as a movement of an empty-handed swordsman, the purpose of the movement being to practice temporal and spatial harmony with the training partner, with the intention to improve a spiritual harmony.